以前学ssh ssm都有事务管理service层通过applicationContext.xml配置,所有service方法都加上事务操作;
用来保证一致性,即service方法里的多个dao操作,要么同时成功,要么同时失败;
springboot下的话 搞一个@Transactional即可;
我们这里搞一个实例,转账实例,A用户转账给B用户xx元
设计如下:
Account类
package com.java1234.entity; import javax.persistence.Column; import javax.persistence.Entity; import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue; import javax.persistence.Id; import javax.persistence.Table; @Entity @Table(name="t_account") public class Account { @Id @GeneratedValue private Integer id; @Column(length=50) private String userName; private float balance; public Integer getId() { return id; } public void setId(Integer id) { this.id = id; } public String getUserName() { return userName; } public void setUserName(String userName) { this.userName = userName; } public float getBalance() { return balance; } public void setBalance(float balance) { this.balance = balance; } }
id 编号 userName用户名 balance余额
运行启动类,数据库里我们加两个数据
新建AccountDao接口
package com.java1234.dao; import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository; import com.java1234.entity.Account; /** * 账户Dao接口 * @author user * */ public interface AccountDao extends JpaRepository<Account, Integer>{ }
AccountService接口
package com.java1234.service; /** * 帐号Service接口 * @author user * */ public interface AccountService { public void transferAccounts(int fromUser,int toUser,float account); }
AccountServiceImpl接口实现类
package com.java1234.service.impl; import javax.annotation.Resource; import javax.transaction.Transactional; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import com.java1234.dao.AccountDao; import com.java1234.entity.Account; import com.java1234.service.AccountService; /** * 帐号Service实现类 * @author user * */ @Service("accountService") public class AccountServiceImpl implements AccountService{ @Resource private AccountDao accountDao; public void transferAccounts(int fromUserId, int toUserId, float account) { Account fromUserAccount=accountDao.getOne(fromUserId); fromUserAccount.setBalance(fromUserAccount.getBalance()-account); accountDao.save(fromUserAccount); // fromUser扣钱 Account toUserAccount=accountDao.getOne(toUserId); toUserAccount.setBalance(toUserAccount.getBalance()+account); accountDao.save(toUserAccount); // toUser加钱 } }
AccountController类
package com.java1234; import javax.annotation.Resource; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; import com.java1234.service.AccountService; /** * 账户Controoler类 * @author user * */ @RestController @RequestMapping("/account") public class AccountController { @Resource private AccountService accountService; @RequestMapping("/transfer") public String transferAccounts(){ try{ accountService.transferAccounts(1, 2, 200); return "ok"; }catch(Exception e){ return "no"; } } }
我们执行启动类
浏览器输入:http://localhost:8888/account/transfer
运行OK
OK 我们先把数据恢复到700 300
现在我们把service层方法改下
这时候 扣钱dao能执行成功 加钱操作执行不了了 因为前面会报错。
我们重启启动类
浏览器输入:http://localhost:8888/account/transfer
运行NO
这时候 钱扣了 但是 没加钱 导致了数据不一致性
这时候 我们需要用上事务
在service方法上加上@Transactional即可
我们恢复下数据700 300
然后再重启启动类,
浏览器输入:http://localhost:8888/account/transfer
运行NO
但是数据库数据没变化 说明启动作用了。